Question
How can teachers support children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the classroom?
Answer
Classroom strategies for children with ADHD can significantly impact their ability to stay engaged and succeed in the learning environment. One crucial strategy is the reduction of commands, where directions are broken down into one or two steps at most. For neurotypical children, instructions are typically broken down into manageable steps. However, for children with ADHD, it's essential to break down instructions even further. For example, instead of saying, "Get ready to go outside," it's more effective to say, "Put your boots on," followed by, "Now, put on your jacket." This approach helps children with attentional differences manage instructions more effectively as they are not receiving the ambiguous direction of "Get ready to go outside."
Visual schedules are also highly effective for children with ADHD, providing a clear visual representation of tasks and routines. Additionally, implementing a behavior system, such as positive reinforcement, can help reinforce desired behaviors and set clear boundaries. While whole-class behavior chart systems may not be ideal and can be shaming for children, targeted behavioral supports tailored to individual needs can be highly beneficial.
This Ask the Expert is an edited excerpt from the course Understanding Early Childhood Diagnosis: What Preschool Teachers Need to Know, presented by Karalynn Royster, PsyD, IMH-E®.
