Exam Preview for 1508: Identifying Clinical Biases August 8, 2022

Identifying Clinical Biases

Please note: exam questions are subject to change.

1. Clinical reasoning requires which of the following? Ability to integrate and apply knowledge Ability to think critically about arguments Ability to reflect upon a diagnostic process All of the above
2. Which of the following is the best example of deductive reasoning? Clients who are mandated to seek treatment are angry. The client in the waiting room is angry. The client must be mandated to seek treatment. All donkeys have noses. Jane has a nose. Therefore, Jane is a donkey. People who are sad shed tears. All people who shed tears are sad. People shedding tears need to be cheered up. The first client I saw today is a child. All of my clients are between 6 and 12 years old. Therefore, the second client I see today will be a child, too.
3. What is cognitive bias? A type of thinking error we make that results in illogical conclusions A type of thinking process that causes us to be unethical A type of thinking process that helps us make more accurate decisions None of the above
4. Errors in deductive reasoning can result in which type of bias? Anchoring Fundamental attribution Confirmation bias A and C
5. When given a choice between several options, we tend to favor the standard one. This is known as: Outcome bias Multiple alternative bias Deductive reasoning Availability and non-availability heuristic
6. Amy read through a diagnostic assessment about Paul that says he meets the criteria for schizophrenia. To save time, Amy asks only DA questions related to schizophrenia. What type of bias is Amy exhibiting?  Anchoring Hindsight Confirmation Visceral
7. When Benjamin heard his client had started drinking again, he thought to himself, “I knew that would happen.” Benjamin’s response is an example of which cognitive bias: Anchoring Hindsight Confirmation Visceral
8. Fundamental attribution errors refer to: A bias to attribute our own behavior to an internal cause rather than an external cause. A bias to attribute others’ behavior to an internal cause rather than an external cause. When we explain others’ successes on the internal factors and blame their failures on external factors. When we explain our own successes on external factors and blame our failures on internal factors.
9. Which of the following is an important strategy for reducing clinical bias? Considering clients’ motivational and environmental factors Utilizing assessment tools beyond the standard interview Listening to the client’s understanding of the problem All of the above
10. Which of the following statements is TRUE about cognitive biases? People who are over-confident decision-makers are less likely to demonstrate cognitive bias. Well-trained clinicians are more likely to be proactive about their own biases. Social workers who ask themselves questions to disprove their hypotheses demonstrate an awareness of cognitive bias. People who rely on the baseline behaviors of most clients with the same condition are more accurate diagnosticians.